Quvvatli lityum batareyalarni zaryadlash tezligini cheklovchi omillarni tahlil qilish
Batareyani qanchalik tez zaryad qilish chegarasi qanday?
Zaryadlash tezligi haqida gapirganda, batareyaning chidamliligi, albatta, eng qochib bo'lmaydigan omildir. Periferik zaryadlash uskunasi qanchalik kuchli bo'lishidan qat'i nazar, quvvat qanchalik kuchli va zaryadlash quvvati qanchalik kuchli bo'lsa, batareyaning o'zi qabul qilinadigan zaryadlash hajmida kamchiliklarga ega bo'lsa, zaryadlash tezligi, albatta, tezroq bo'lmaydi. Agar batareya quvvati nisbatan katta bo'lsa, tabiiy zaryadlash vaqti uzoqroq bo'ladi.
Agar siz o'rta maktabda elektrokimyoni o'rgangan bo'lsangiz, batareyani zaryadlash va zaryadsizlantirish jarayonini tushunasiz. Mohiyat shundaki, musbat elektrod va manfiy elektrod o'rtasida elektronlarning yo'nalishli uzatilishini amalga oshirish uchun batareyaning ichida bir qator redoks reaktsiyalari amalga oshiriladi. Mavjud asosiy lityum batareyani misol qilib olsak, har xil turlar mavjud bo'lsa-da, umumiy struktura ijobiy elektrod materiali, salbiy elektrod materiali, diafragma, elektrolit va boshqalardan boshqa narsa emas. Zaryadlash jarayoni asosan lityum ionlari salbiy elektroddan chiqariladi, diafragma va batareyadan o'tadi. Elektrolit, musbat elektrodga diffuziya jarayoni - diffuziya tezligi tabiiy ravishda zaryadlash tezligining kalitiga aylanadi.
Nazariy jihatdan, oqimni oshirish orqali zaryadlash tezligini oshirish mumkin. Biroq, agar oqim juda katta bo'lsa, batareyadagi litiy ionlarining diffuziya tezligi elektronlarning diffuziya tezligiga tenglasha olmaydi, bu esa elektron ionlarini tashishning uzilishiga olib keladi, bu esa ishlashga ta'sir qiladi. batareya va erishish mumkin bo'lgan zaryadlash hajmi mos ravishda kamayadi. , hatto yong'in va portlash xavfi mavjud.
Shuning uchun, umuman olganda, shoshmaganingizda imkon qadar sekin zaryadlashdan foydalanishni tavsiya qilamiz, bu batareyaning ishlash muddatini uzaytirish uchun foydalidir.
Litiy ionlarining diffuziya tezligi harorat, katodning materiali va tuzilishi bilan chambarchas bog'liq.
Birinchisi - harorat. Umuman olganda, harorat qancha yuqori bo'lsa, diffuziya tezligi shunchalik tez bo'ladi. Biroq, agar harorat juda yuqori bo'lsa, bu batareyaning ishlash muddatini qisqartirish va zaryadlash xavfsizligini kamaytirish kabi muammolarga ham olib keladi. Agar harorat juda past bo'lsa, xuddi shunday ishlamaydi. Harorat juda past bo'lsa, batareyadagi metall lityum cho'kadi, natijada batareyaning ichki qisqa tutashuvi, ayniqsa lityum temir fosfat batareyasi paydo bo'ladi. Odatda, lityum temir fosfat batareyasining sig'imi 0 daraja haroratda atigi 60-70 foizni tashkil qiladi va -20 darajada faqat 20-40 foiz qoladi. Shuning uchun, sovuq shimoliy qishda elektr transport vositalari batareya modulini isitish funktsiyasiga ega bo'lishi kerak, shuning uchun energiya iste'moli tabiiy ravishda tezroq bo'ladi.
The second is the material. The diffusivity of different materials is very different. Lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, NCM, NCA, etc. are all cathode materials with very good performance. The two materials are relatively high. This is also an important reason why today's lithium batteries are named after cathode materials.
Batareya sanoati sohasida zaryad-ajallash tezligi odatda zaryadlash tezligi va oqim o'rtasidagi munosabatni tavsiflash uchun ishlatiladi. Misol uchun, batareya 1 soat ichida to'liq zaryadlangan bo'lgan tezlik 1C deb ataladi va atigi 30 daqiqa davom etadigan tezlik 2C deb ataladi va hokazo. 1C ni tez zaryad deb atash mumkin. Hozirgi vaqtda litiy{6}}ionli batareyalarning zaryadlanish darajasi odatda 1C-3C bo'lishi mumkin va eng yuqorisi 5C gacha bo'lishi mumkin, lekin tabiiyki, ishga tushirish paytida zaryadsizlanish darajasi 10C dan ancha yomonroqdir.
Odatda Li{0}}ionli batareya zaryadlash xarakteristikasi egri chizig'i
Maksimal zaryadlash tezligining darbog'iga qo'shimcha ravishda, batareya turli SOC (zaryad holati, ya'ni zaryad holati, ya'ni qolgan quvvat) ostida bardosh bera oladigan zaryadlash tezligi ham farq qiladi. Umuman olganda, zaryadlash jarayonida batareyaning xususiyatlari yuqoridagi rasmga taxminan o'xshaydi va zaryadlash tezligi sekin-tez-sekin ritm bo'yicha bo'ladi. Odatda, SOC 90 foizdan oshganda, batareyaning ichki qarshiligi sezilarli darajada oshadi, bu esa zaryadlash tezligini sekinlashtiradi. Agar siz hozirda sotilayotgan elektr transport vositalarining aksariyatiga e'tibor qaratsangiz, ular katta batareyani nisbatan qisqa vaqt ichida, masalan, ma'lum bir tez zaryadlashda 1 soat yoki hatto 30 daqiqada to'liq zaryadlashi mumkinligi haqida reklama qilishlarini ko'rasiz. davlat. Elektr energiyasining ulushi odatda 80% -90% atrofida bo'ladi, bu nimani anglatadi.
So if you are an electric vehicle user and want to save as much time as possible for charging, try not to use the power less than 10 percent at every turn, and you don't have to be fully charged when charging, reaching more than 90 percent , or it can meet your needs The mileage required for one trip is sufficient.
Zaryadlovchi qurilmaning zaryadlash tezligida qanday cheklovlar mavjud?
In addition to the bottleneck of the battery itself, peripheral charging devices also have their own limitations. Simply put, the greater the output power of the charging pile, the shorter the charging time. But the charging pile is not able to increase the charging power indefinitely. First, let's talk about the process of charging an electric vehicle.
When it comes to car charging, the first thing everyone thinks of is the charging pile. In simple terms, the larger the output power of the charging pile, the smaller the battery capacity, and the shorter the charging time. This is the same as filling a pool with water. The larger the water pipe, the smaller the pool, the shorter the time. However, as an electric vehicle user, of course, I hope that my battery capacity is large enough, so it is naturally more necessary to increase the power of the charging pile. Vehicle charging piles are generally divided into two types: AC charging piles and DC charging piles. Let's separate the two cases.
Let's talk about the more universal AC charging piles first. It mostly uses 220V AC charging with the same voltage as the household voltage. The general current is only 16A or 32A, and the charging speed is relatively slow. When the battery capacity is about 20kwh, it takes about 6-8 hours to fully charge.
