Kapital qattiq quvvat{0}}batareyalarni o'rnatadi: lekin sanoat zanjiri nomukammal va turli texnik muammolarni hal qilish kerak.
Yaqinda Huineng Technology mustahkam akkumulyator kompaniyasi -326 million AQSH dollari miqdoridagi moliyalashtirishning yangi bosqichi yakunlanganini e'lon qildi; qattiq{2}}davlat akkumulyator kompaniyasi Weilan New Energy taxminan 500 million yuan sarmoya oldi, loyiha qiymati 5 milliard yuan; Stellantis va Daimler FactorialEnergy qattiq batareya startaplariga sarmoya kiritishni e'lon qilishdi... Qattiq xolatli akkumulyatorlarning mashhurligi o'sishda davom etmoqda va yangi energiya vositalari sanoati uchun investitsiya manbaiga aylanmoqda.
Avtomobil ishlab chiqaruvchilar va akkumulyator kompaniyalari rivojlanish uchun kurashmoqda
Ma'lumki, qattiq holatdagi batareyalar elektrolit va ajratgichni qattiq holatdagi batareyalar bilan almashtiradi, bu esa mavjud litiy-ion batareyalarning energiya zichligini 300 Vt/kg dan ko'proqqa oshirishi mumkin. 500Wh/kg dan yuqori va batareyaning yomon barqarorligi va past zaryadlash samaradorligi kabi muammolarni bartaraf etish.
Ayni paytda asosiy avtomobil kompaniyalari va akkumulyator kompaniyalari qattiq batareyalar-ishlab chiqarishga intilishmoqda. Masalan, 2018-yilda Volkswagen Amerikaning QuantumScape litiy-ion akkumulyator kompaniyasiga eng yirik aktsiyadorga aylanish uchun 100 million AQSh dollari sarmoya kiritdi va qattiq xolatli akkumulyatorlarni ishlab chiqish boʻyicha qoʻshma korxona tuzdi. 2023 yildan keyin-ommaviy ishlab chiqarilishi kutilmoqda; BMW kelasi yildan boshlab avtomobillar uchun 100AH quvvatli{8}}akkumulyatorlardan foydalanishni rejalashtirmoqda. Normativ{9}}darajadagi standart sinov va avtomobil integratsiyasi, u 2025 yilga kelib qattiq{10}}qattiq holatdagi akkumulyatorlardan foydalangan holda avtomobil prototipini ishga tushirishni rejalashtirmoqda va-qattiq holatdagi batareya texnologiyasini ommaviy ravishda joriy qiladi{{13} }2030 yilgacha ishlab chiqarilgan avtomobillar; Yaqinda Hyundai va Kia birgalikda FactorialEnergy bilan qattiq batareyalarni targ'ib qilish bo'yicha shartnoma imzolanganini e'lon qilishdi. Batareyalarni standartlashtirilgan ishlab chiqarish; 29-noyabr kuni Nissan 2028-moliya yiliga qadar barcha{17}}qattiq{18}}akkumulyatorlar bilan jihozlangan elektromobil modellarini chiqarilishini e’lon qildi...
Batareya ishlab chiqaruvchi kompaniyalarga kelsak, LG New Energy 2025 yildan 2027 yilgacha barcha{0}}qattiq{1}}batareyalarni tijoratlashtirishni rejalashtirmoqda; Samsung SDI 2025 yilga kelib yirik-barcha{5}}qattiq{6}}katta holatdagi akkumulyatorlar va barcha-qattiq{8}}batareya prototipi mahsulotlarini ishlab chiqishni rejalashtirmoqda va ommaviy{{ 10}}2027 yilda ularni ishlab chiqarish; Ganfeng Lithium Industry kompaniyasining taʼkidlashicha, 200 million Vt quvvatga ega birinchi avlod akkumulyatori-avlodi muvaffaqiyatli ishlab chiqarildi... Avtomobil kompaniyalari va akkumulyator kompaniyalari qattiq quvvatga sarmoya kiritishga ishtiyoq bilan- davlat batareyalari va ba'zi natijalar chiqdi.
"It is difficult to achieve industrialization within 10 years"
Qattiq{0}}batareyalar muhim afzalliklarga ega, ammo qisqa vaqt ichida-katta hajmdagi ilovalarga erishib bo'lmaydi.
Wu Hui, general manager of the Research Department of Ivey Economic Research Institute, told reporters: "Solid-state batteries are the development trend of the power lithium-ion battery industry, but some technical problems cannot be solved at present, and it is difficult to achieve industrialization within 10 years. For example, solid-state batteries are solid-state batteries. Solid interface, large internal resistance, low electrical conductivity, there is no good solution." There are three mainstream technical routes for solid-state battery electrolytes - oxides, sulfides and polymers, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Yole Développement, a French market research company, pointed out that the key to solid-state battery applications is to find suitable electrolyte materials, and all current solutions have problems with ionic conductivity, battery life and safety.
"If the technical problems cannot be solved, the energy density advantages of solid-state batteries will not be reflected." Wu Hui said frankly.
Wu Hui further pointed out: "Actually, the 'solid-state batteries' that car companies are preparing to install are semi-solid batteries with a small amount of electrolyte." It is understood that semi-solid batteries belong to the transitional technology from liquid to solid-state batteries. For example, NIO previously announced a 150kWh solid-state battery product with a single energy density of 360Wh/kg, and the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) cruising range of the ET7 exceeds 1,000 kilometers. The company explained that although the battery is described as a solid-state battery, it is actually a semi-solid-state battery that still requires an electrolyte and a separator.
In addition, the complex process of solid-state batteries and the lack of industrial chains have pushed up production costs. But at the same time, some research institutions believe that if solid-state batteries are mass-produced, their cost will be 40 percent of that of lithium-ion batteries. "There will be a process of cost reduction after the industrialization of solid-state batteries, but the premise is industrialization. In the future, the cost parity of electric vehicles and fuel vehicles can be achieved through the application of solid-state batteries." Wu Hui believes.
Yevropa, Amerika, Yaponiya va Koreya kompaniyalari tezroq boshlanadi
The market research institute SNEResearch estimates that by 2030, the global demand for solid-state batteries is expected to be close to 500GWh; by 2025, the global market space for solid-state batteries is expected to reach 6 billion yuan, of which my country's solid-state battery market space is expected to reach 3 billion yuan and 200 by 2030. billion. The Huaan Securities Industry Research Report pointed out that solid-state batteries have become an important breakthrough for some non-traditional battery companies to enter the lithium battery industry.
my country is the world's largest new energy vehicle market. With the advent of the TWh era, solid-state batteries have become a must for the company. The "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" issued in November last year clearly proposed to accelerate the research and development and industrialization of solid-state power lithium-ion battery technology.
Wu Hui said: "Solid-state batteries are the next-generation technology direction of power lithium-ion batteries. Whether car companies or battery companies, they must be deployed, occupy the commanding heights, and first solve technical problems such as conductivity."
It is understood that as the car company with the most patents in the field of solid-state batteries, Toyota's solid-state batteries have begun to be tested in prototype vehicles. Recently, Ouyang Minggao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that although my country is in a leading position in the supply of power lithium-ion batteries, companies in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea have taken the lead in the research and development of solid-state batteries, while China is still in the stage of "separate policy".
Sanoat mutaxassislarining fikricha, dastlabki bosqichda chiqarilgan qattiq xolatli akkumulyatorning narxi nisbatan yuqori va yangi narxni faqat yuqori-modellar bilan moslashtirish orqali qoplash mumkin. Shu bilan birga, qattiq holatdagi akkumulyatorlarni tijoratlashtirishda duch keladigan qiyinchiliklarni bartaraf etish uchun texnologiya ishlab chiquvchilari, uskunalar yetkazib beruvchilari, akkumulyator ishlab chiqaruvchilari va OEMlar texnik yordamni yanada kuchaytirish va ta'minot zanjiridagi bo'shliqni to'ldirish uchun birgalikda ishlashi kerak . Bundan tashqari, milliy daraja ham siyosatga rahbarlikni yaxshilashi va foydali loyihalarni ishlab chiqishni rag'batlantirishi kerak.
